Peptide Compounds

Prostamax Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

Prostamax is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator with the amino acid sequence Lys-Glu-Asp-Pro (KEDP), developed within the Khavinson peptide research program at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. It is primarily studied for its effects on prostate tissue health, reducing inflammation, preventing fibrosis, and supporting tissue repair in preclinical models, and for its epigenetic mechanism, which involves inducing chromatin decondensation in human cells to potentially reactivate genes silenced by the aging process. This guide covers what Prostamax is, how it works at the chromatin level, what the preclinical research shows, administration context, dosing ranges documented in research, safety data, and its current status as a compound not approved for human use in any jurisdiction.

Prostamax 25 min read

PNC-27 Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

PNC-27 is a synthetic anticancer peptide engineered to selectively destroy cancer cells by targeting HDM-2, a protein that appears on the outer surface of cancer cell membranes but not on normal cells. It kills cancer cells by binding to this surface target and punching transmembrane pores through the cell membrane, causing rupture and necrotic cell death. This mechanism operates independently of p53 tumor suppressor status, which is mutated or lost in roughly half of all human cancers. Research spans multiple cancer cell lines and documents a well-characterized cellular mechanism, but PNC-27 remains strictly preclinical: no human clinical trials have been registered or completed, no validated dosing exists, the FDA has issued safety warnings following confirmed bacterial contamination in commercially available products, and the human safety profile is entirely unknown.

Pnc 27 27 min read

Pinealon Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator composed of three amino acids: glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine, arranged in the sequence Glu-Asp-Arg (also abbreviated EDR). It is primarily studied for neuroprotection, cognitive aging support, circadian rhythm regulation, and cellular stress protection. This guide covers what Pinealon does, how it works, what the research actually shows, dosing context from the available literature, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status.

Pinealon 27 min read

PEG-MGF Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

PEG-MGF (Pegylated Mechano Growth Factor) is a synthetic, stabilized version of MGF , a splice variant of IGF-1 that the body produces naturally in response to mechanical stress and tissue damage. The polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification extends the peptide's working lifespan from minutes to a meaningful duration, making it viable for research. It is studied primarily for skeletal muscle repair, bone and cartilage regeneration, cardiac protection, and neuroprotection, with all existing evidence coming from preclinical models. This guide covers what PEG-MGF is, how it works, what the research shows, what real-world users report, and the full safety and regulatory picture.

Peg Mgf 26 min read

PE-22-28 Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

PE-22-28 is a synthetic seven-amino-acid peptide derived from spadin, an endogenous inhibitor of the TREK-1 potassium channel in the brain. It was developed as an optimized research compound approximately 333 to 500 times more potent than spadin at the same target, and is studied in preclinical models for antidepressant-like, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective effects through a mechanism entirely distinct from approved drugs. This guide covers what PE-22-28 does, how it works, what the preclinical research shows, dosing context from animal studies, the current safety picture, and its regulatory status.

Pe 22 28 27 min read

PTD-DBM Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

PTD-DBM is a synthetic chimeric peptide designed to penetrate cells and modulate the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway by targeting Dishevelled proteins, the intracellular scaffold layer that controls whether hair follicles enter their active growth phase. It is primarily researched for androgenetic alopecia and hair follicle regeneration, with a mechanism that is distinct from every approved hair loss treatment currently available. This guide covers what PTD-DBM does, how the cell-penetrating mechanism works, what the animal and limited human evidence shows, dosing context from documented protocols, its safety profile, and its current regulatory status.

Ptd Dbm 26 min read

Pancragen Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

Pancragen is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator with the amino acid sequence Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp (KEDW), originally derived from bovine pancreatic tissue and now produced synthetically. It is primarily researched for its proposed effects on pancreatic cell function, glucose metabolism, and age-related metabolic decline, with a proposed mechanism involving direct nuclear DNA interaction rather than conventional receptor binding. This guide covers what Pancragen does, how it works, what the research shows, dosing context, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status.

Pancragen 27 min read

Oxytocin Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

Oxytocin is a nine-amino acid neuropeptide produced naturally in the hypothalamus that functions as both a brain signaling molecule and a peripheral hormone. It is FDA-approved for obstetric use (labor induction, augmentation, and postpartum hemorrhage control) and is studied investigationally via intranasal delivery for social cognition, anxiety, autism spectrum disorder, metabolic health, and neuroinflammation. This guide covers what oxytocin does, how it works at the molecular level, what the clinical research shows, dosing context, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status.

Oxytocin 30 min read

Ovagen Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

Ovagen is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator composed of three amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and leucine, abbreviated EDL) developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson's research group at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. It is classified within the cytogen class of ultrashort peptide bioregulators and is primarily researched for liver protection, gastrointestinal mucosal support, and age-related cellular restoration through a mechanism involving direct epigenetic gene regulation rather than classical receptor signaling. This guide covers what Ovagen does, how it works, what the research shows, dosing context, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status, including critical disambiguation from two unrelated entities that share the same name.

Ovagen 29 min read

NAD+ Peptide Blend: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a dinucleotide coenzyme found in every living cell, where it powers energy metabolism, activates longevity-linked enzymes, and fuels DNA repair. An NAD+ peptide blend refers to formulations that combine NAD+ with complementary bioactive peptides - such as BPC-157 or growth hormone-releasing peptides - to address multiple physiological targets simultaneously. This guide covers what NAD+ does, how it works at a mechanistic level, what the research shows, administration routes and dosing context, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status.

Nad 28 min read

NA Selank Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

NA Selank is the N-acetylated form of Selank, a synthetic heptapeptide developed in Russia as an analog of tuftsin, a naturally occurring peptide involved in immune regulation. It is primarily researched for anxiolytic effects without sedation or dependency, cognitive enhancement, and stress modulation through simultaneous influence on GABAergic tone, enkephalin levels, BDNF expression, and serotonin turnover. This guide covers what NA Selank does, how it works, what the research shows, dosing context, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status.

Na Selank 25 min read

NA Semax Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

NA Semax (N-Acetyl Semax) is a synthetic neuropeptide derived from the ACTH(4-7) hormone fragment, modified with an N-acetyl group at its N-terminus to increase potency, extend duration of action, and improve blood-brain barrier penetrance compared to base Semax. It is most commonly researched for cognitive enhancement, neuroprotection, ADHD support, anxiety reduction, and stroke recovery applications. This guide covers what NA Semax does, how it works, what results have been reported, dosing context, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status.

Na Semax 30 min read

NA Epitalon Amidate Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

NA Epitalon Amidate is a chemically modified version of Epitalon, a synthetic tetrapeptide with the amino acid sequence Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly derived from research on pineal gland biology at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. The modifications (N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal amidation) protect the peptide against enzymatic breakdown at both ends of the molecule, extending its biological stability relative to the unmodified parent compound. This guide covers what NA Epitalon Amidate does, how it works, what the research shows on telomere biology and longevity applications, how people use it, dosing context, safety considerations, and its current regulatory status.

Na Epitalon Amidate 29 min read

MOTS-c Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

MOTS-c is an endogenous peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA, making it one of a small family of mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) that the human body produces naturally. It is most studied for its role as a metabolic regulator and exercise mimetic - activating AMPK, the cell's master energy sensor, to drive fat oxidation, improve glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, and support mitochondrial function. This guide covers what MOTS-c does, how it works at a mechanistic level, what the preclinical and early human research shows, dosing context from investigational use, safety considerations including the FDA's specific regulatory stance, and how it compares to related compounds.

Mots C 28 min read

MGF Peptide: The Complete Guide - Uses, Mechanism, Dosing, Safety & Research

MGF (Mechano Growth Factor) is a naturally occurring peptide produced when the IGF-1 gene undergoes alternative splicing in response to mechanical stress or tissue injury, serving as the body's early-phase repair signal. It is primarily studied for muscle satellite cell activation, tissue repair, cardiac cytoprotection, and neuroprotection - all in preclinical animal and cell culture models, with no human clinical trial data published to date. This guide covers what MGF does, how it works, what the preclinical evidence shows, community dosing context, the key differences between native MGF and PEG-MGF, and the honest assessment of where the science currently stands.

Mgf 27 min read